Islamic Scientific Schools

In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Abstract This research explores the Qur’anic concept of  shakilah  from Surah Al-Isra (17:84) and interprets it through the lens of  human psychology . It investigates the divine recognition of individual differences in temperament and personality, examining how these differences influence behavior and spiritual journey. The study argues that  shakilah  encompasses not only moral and behavioral tendencies but also genetic, psychological, and environmental factors that define the human self. 1. Introduction The Qur’an presents a comprehensive view of human nature, morality, and guidance. Among its nuanced insights is Surah Al-Isra (17:84): “Say: Each acts according to his own shakilah; but your Lord knows best who is most rightly guided.” This verse offers a profound commentary on human behavior, suggesting that every person acts based on their internal nature or disposition. The term  shakilah ...

In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Introduction In a world where motherhood has long been viewed as both a biological destiny and a societal expectation, a quiet but profound shift is underway. Increasing numbers of women around the globe are opting out of childbearing altogether—not through temporary birth control, but through permanent surgical procedures like hysterectomy. While traditionally reserved for serious medical conditions, hysterectomy is now, in some cases, being sought as a deliberate, irreversible act of reproductive autonomy. This trend reflects far more than a medical decision; it signals a growing movement of women asserting control over their bodies, challenging societal norms, and redefining what it means to be female in the 21st century. From urban centers in the West to marginalized communities in the Global South, this essay explores the complex motivations, ethical implications, and socio-cultural forces driving this radical departur...

In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. A chilling estimate has circulated among tech and mental-health researchers:  over one million ChatGPT users may express suicidal intent every week .  Although OpenAI has not officially released such data, mental-health professionals and  AI  ethicists view this number as disturbingly plausible, given the increasing emotional dependence users are placing  on conversational AI systems. This phenomenon represents more than a statistical anomaly—it is a  mirror reflecting humanity’s mental fragility  in the digital age. As AI becomes both companion and confessor, the conversations reveal a deepening global crisis of meaning, loneliness, and emotional isolation. The Digital Confessional: Why People Turn to AI AI systems like ChatGPT are designed to listen without judgment, offering comfort and reflection at any hour. For millions suffering from  depression, anxiety, or social alienation , ...

In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Abstract Islam presents a nuanced understanding of human nature that integrates  fitrah  (innate disposition), heredity, environment, and moral agency. Unlike genetic determinism, Islamic philosophy recognizes inherited tendencies while affirming human responsibility and the possibility of moral and spiritual transformation. This article explores how dietary patterns, behavior, and environment may influence progeny across generations within an Islamic worldview, aligning conceptually—though not identically—with modern epigenetic insights. Drawing upon the Qur’an, Hadith, and classical scholars such as Ibn Taymiyyah, Al-Ghazali, and Ibn Khaldun, the study argues that Islam acknowledges intergenerational influence without negating free will or divine justice. 1. Concept of Fitrah in Islam 1.1 Definition of Fitrah Fitrah  refers to the  primordial disposition  upon which every human is created. “So dire...