Relativity of Cosmic Expansion
In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. However, recent observations point to potential large-scale inhomogeneities, which challenge these long-held assumptions. These observations indicate the relativity of Cosmic Expansion. Recent observational data suggest that the universe may not be as homogeneous and isotropic as previously assumed in the standard model of cosmology—the ΛCDM model . According to the ΛCDM model, the universe is expected to be uniform on large scales, meaning that its matter distribution and expansion rate should appear the same in all directions (isotropy) and across different regions (homogeneity). However, recent observations point to potential large-scale inhomogeneities , which challenge these long-held assumptions. These observations indicate the relativity of Cosmic Expansion. Key Findings Challenging Homogeneity and Isotropy: Hubble Tension : Different measurements of the Hubble Constant ...