Islamic Scientific Schools

In the Name of Allah---the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Introduction In resource-rich federations like Pakistan, the  control and management of mineral resources  have always been a contentious issue. The debate revolves around whether the federation or the provinces should exercise control over these valuable assets. This policy brief explores the pros and cons of each model and compares international practices to offer a balanced approach suitable for Pakistan’s complex socio-political landscape. Federal Control: Arguments and Implications National Cohesion and Security:   Central control over strategic mineral resources ensures that no single province can use resource wealth to fund separatist activities. In Pakistan, the Baloch insurgency has often been linked to grievances about resource exploitation and lack of benefit-sharing. Equitable Distribution of Wealth:  Federal control enables redistribution of revenues from resource-rich provinces to underdevel...